BACKGROUND:There are many epidemiological pieces of evidence that show IPF patients have the highest risk of lung cancer. We conducted a systematic review of all published data to define the characteristics of lung cancer that develops in IPF by performing a meta-analysis. METHOD:This study was performed based on the PRISMA guideline. https://www.roneverhart.com/Turbosound-TS-18SW700-8A-18-Low-Frequency-Loudspeaker-p31480/